Computers and other digital devices use different types of storage devices to store data. One of the most important types of computer memory is ROM(Read-only memory). In this blog post, we will explore what ROM is, its different types, advantages, and disadvantages.
What is ROM?
Read-only memory(ROM) is a non-volatile memory. It is used to only store permanent data in electronic devices. This memory comes with data in which you cannot write additional data.
ROM can hold data even after the system is switched off compared to RAM. The main thing with ROM is that once the data is written on ROM, it cannot be removed.
Every computer requires rom to store its startup firmware information permanently. It is important because it is required whenever the computer starts.
Type of rom in computer
MROM
MROM stands for Mask Read Only Memory. The main benefit of this type of Rom is its cost. It is very cost-effective compared to other types of ROM.
This ROM is programmed by the integrated circuit manufacturer. The MROM is used for the finalized projects in which the code is final and ready to be put in ROM.
MROM is now a very old technology. So it is not used anywhere in today’s world.
PROM
PROM stands for Programmable Read Only Memory. Once the PROM is programmed, the data cannot be changed. This type of ROM is used to store permanent data or firmware in a device.
This ROM allows the user to upload Data and program once in starting only. And then stored data and programs cannot be modified.
EPROM
Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory(EPROM) is very similar to PROM but with the added ability to erase and reprogram data on EPROM. This type of ROM is used where a frequent upgrade is required like in the case of computer BIOS chips.
In EPROM, it is easy to upload new information. Data on EPROM can be erased using ultraviolet light.
EEPROM
Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory(EEPROM) is also very similar to EPROM but with an added ability to erase and reprogram the data electrically. In this, you don’t need to remove chips from the devices.
In this ROM a high voltage electric pulse is used to erase the information stored in Chips. The alteration of information is very easy in EEPROM.
EEPROM is used to store user preferences, configuration settings, and other data.
FLASH ROM
Flash ROM is a type of EERPOM that uses flash memory technology. This stores the firmware or basic input/output system(BIOS).
The main advantage of this type of ROM is that it supports fast writing of data on around 512 bytes at a particular time. Flash ROM is mostly used in smartphones, digital cameras, and USB drives.
Flash ROM is mostly used in personal computers, laptops, smartphones, and other embedded systems.
Use of ROM in computer
- Rom is used to contain the basic input/output system(BIOS). This is required to guide the computer for boot-up processes.
- Rom is used to performing large input/output tasks.
- Rom is also used to protect program and software instruction.
- Rom is used in video console games to run various games on a console.
- Rom is also used for optical storage like CD-ROM and CD-RW.
- Rom is used in Calculators and laser printers because their fonts are commonly stored in ROM.
Advantage of ROM
Non-volatile
Rom is a type of non-volatile memory. So it is capable of holding data even without power. This makes it ideal for storage solutions for essential data and programs.
Security
The permanent storage feature of ROM makes it more secure than volatile memory. That’s why ROM is used to store firmware and critical data of the devices more than RAM.
Durability
ROM chips are more durable compared to other types of memory. Because it is not affected by power or other disruptions.
Disadvantage of ROM
Inflexibility
Once the data is written to the ROM’s chip. It cannot be erased or changed. This makes ROM inflexible.
Slow write speed
ROM has a slow write speed because data must be programmed into a chip one bit at a time.
Limited storage capacity
ROM has limited storage capacity compared to other types of memory like hard drives, solid-state drives, and RAM.
Conclusion
ROM plays an important role in storing important data and programs on computer devices. Different types of ROMs have their advantage and disadvantages.